All of the simple consonants are articulated quickly and softly compared to those of English consonants. Especially, the [r] sound is a soft version of [l], a hard sound, flipping only once. All of the simple consonants have hard sounds by applying strong stops which are not found in English. Aspirated and nasal sounds are very close to English sounds. Syllabic stops of [p’ t’ and k’] leave those sounds
unexploded. Each sound is discussed in detail.

[zero] is silent, and is included as a consonant by definition in the earlier Korean written language to satisfy the rule of CVC as a syllable.
[h] is like [h] in home.
[‘] is a light stop and a glottal stop, which make consonants and vowels be articulated clearly as allophones.
[ng] is like [ng] in song.
[‘g] is like an initial sound of [k] in cake (unstressed and unvoiced) in very short duration followed by voiced [g] in goat.
[g] is like [g] in goat.
[k] is like [k] in kite (accented and aspirated).
[gg] is a hard voiced sound of [g]; a strong glottal stop is applied to pronounce the hard sound of [g].
[sh] is like [sh] in sheep; softer than English.
[ssh] is a hard sound of [sh], narrowing the air passage while pushing the air out of the mouth. This sound is rather close to English [sh].
[‘j] is like an initial sound of [ch] in catch (unstressed and unvoiced) in very short duration followed by voiced [j] in judge.
[j] is like [j] in judge.
[ch] is like [ch] in change.
[jj] is a hard voiced sound of [j]
[s] is like [s] in smile; softer than English [s].
[ss] is a hard sound of [s]. This sound is rather close to English [s].
[r] is like Spanish [r]. The tip of the tongue is pushed lightly against the alveolar ridge to make a flipping [r] sound. This is a soft sound of [l] in Korean.
[l] is like [l] in light. It is a lateral sound.
[d] is like [d] in dog.
[‘d] is like an initial sound of unstressed and unvoiced [t] in very short duration followed by voiced [d].
[dd] is a hard sound of [d].
[t] is like [t] in time; accented and stressed.
[n] is like [n] in night; nasal plosive sound.
[b] is like [b] in boy.
[‘b] is like an initial sound of unstressed and unvoiced [p] in very short duration followed by voiced [b].
[bb] is a hard sound of [b].
[p] is like [p] in pin.
[m] is like [m] in mouth.
[w] is like [w] in wind; it happens so quickly blocking air flow instantly as a semi-consonant.
[y] is like [y] in yield; it happens so quickly blocking air flow instantly as a semi-consonant.